A governamentalidade neoliberal e a concentração de mercado no ensino superior

Um diagnóstico crítico dos impactos da financeirização da educação no Brasil (2007-2020)

Abstract

This research is grounded in the philosophical concepts of Michel Foucault (1926-1984) for its source analysis, thus forming a "discursive formation" from a heterogeneous documentary corpus. This corpus includes quantitative data from INEP (National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira), journalistic discourses, and legal sources such as laws, regulations, and ordinances. The study's timeframe spans from 2007 to 2020. The year 2007 was chosen as the starting point because it marks the date of the first educational institution's initial public offering (IPO) on the Stock Exchange. In turn, 2020 signals the end of the period, as it was the year when INEP (2022) registered, for the first time, a prevalence of Distance Learning (EAD) enrollments over the in-person format in Brazil, characterizing the phenomenon of the “platformization of education”. The central objective of this study is to discuss the financialization of Higher Education within the context of neoliberal governmentality, analyzing how public policies have contributed to the intensification of the entrepreneurialization of education. This phenomenon, in turn, has led to the precarization of teaching labor and student debt.